Users & Auth

Gemfile

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ gem 'rails', '~> 5.2.1'
 
 gem 'bcrypt', '~> 3.1.7'
 gem 'bootsnap', '>= 1.1.0', require: false
+gem 'imperator', github: 'karmajunkie/imperator'
 gem 'jbuilder', '~> 2.5'
 gem 'json', '~> 2.1'
 gem 'jwt', '2.1.0'

Gemfile.lock

@@ -21,6 +21,13 @@ GIT
       shellany (~> 0.0)
       thor (>= 0.18.1)
 
+GIT
+  remote: https://github.com/karmajunkie/imperator.git
+  revision: 7256d702be8ac70706b2e8101e2326c50f0c6fb2
+  specs:
+    imperator (0.2.0)
+      virtus (~> 1.0.0)
+
 GIT
   remote: https://github.com/kern/minitest-reporters.git
   revision: d04c7e9b0504542f6084dc5a2060c774dc6cdda4
@@ -82,6 +89,10 @@ GEM
     arel (9.0.0)
     ast (2.4.0)
     awesome_print (1.8.0)
+    axiom-types (0.1.1)
+      descendants_tracker (~> 0.0.4)
+      ice_nine (~> 0.11.0)
+      thread_safe (~> 0.3, >= 0.3.1)
     bcrypt (3.1.12)
     binding_of_caller (0.8.0)
       debug_inspector (>= 0.0.1)
@@ -92,10 +103,15 @@ GEM
     byebug (10.0.2)
     choice (0.2.0)
     coderay (1.1.2)
+    coercible (1.0.0)
+      descendants_tracker (~> 0.0.1)
     concurrent-ruby (1.1.3)
     crass (1.0.4)
     debug_inspector (0.0.3)
+    descendants_tracker (0.0.4)
+      thread_safe (~> 0.3, >= 0.3.1)
     docile (1.3.1)
+    equalizer (0.0.11)
     erubi (1.7.1)
     ffi (1.9.25)
     figaro (1.1.1)
@@ -122,6 +138,7 @@ GEM
       spring
     i18n (1.1.1)
       concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
+    ice_nine (0.11.2)
     jaro_winkler (1.5.1)
     jbuilder (2.8.0)
       activesupport (>= 4.2.0)
@@ -243,6 +260,11 @@ GEM
     unicode-display_width (1.4.0)
     validates_email_format_of (1.6.3)
       i18n
+    virtus (1.0.5)
+      axiom-types (~> 0.1)
+      coercible (~> 1.0)
+      descendants_tracker (~> 0.0, >= 0.0.3)
+      equalizer (~> 0.0, >= 0.0.9)
     websocket-driver (0.7.0)
       websocket-extensions (>= 0.1.0)
     websocket-extensions (0.1.3)
@@ -265,6 +287,7 @@ DEPENDENCIES
   guard-rubocop
   guard-shell
   guard-spring
+  imperator!
   jbuilder (~> 2.5)
   json (~> 2.1)
   jwt (= 2.1.0)

app/commands/authenticate_user.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+class AuthenticateUser < Imperator::Command
+  include ActiveModel::Validations
+
+  string :email
+  string :password
+
+  validates :email,    presence: true
+  validates :password, presence: true
+
+  def action
+    JsonWebToken.encode(user_id: user.id) if user
+  end
+
+  def user
+    user = @user ||= User.find_by(email: @email)
+    return user if user&.authenticate(@password)
+
+    errors.add :user_authentication, 'invalid credentials'
+    nil
+  end
+end

app/commands/authorize_request.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+class AuthorizeRequest < Imperator::Command
+  include ActiveModel::Validations
+
+  attr_reader :headers
+
+  def initialize(headers)
+    @headers = headers
+  end
+
+  def action
+    user
+  end
+
+  def valid?
+    headers["Authorization"].present?
+  end
+
+  private
+
+    def user
+      @user ||= User.find(decoded_auth_token[:user_id]) if decoded_auth_token
+      @user || errors.add(:token, 'Invalid token') && nil
+    end
+
+    def decoded_auth_token
+      @decoded_auth_token ||= JsonWebToken.decode(http_auth_header)
+    end
+
+    def http_auth_header
+      return headers["Authorization"].split(' ').last if valid?
+
+      errors.add(:token, "Missing token")
+      nil
+    end
+end

app/controllers/application_controller.rb

@@ -1,4 +1,31 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 class ApplicationController < ActionController::API
+  include Pundit
+
+  before_action :authenticate_request
+  after_action :verify_authorized, except: :index
+  after_action :verify_policy_scoped, only: :index
+
+  rescue_from Pundit::NotAuthorizedError, with: :user_not_authorized
+
+  def index; end
+
+  private
+
+    def current_user
+      @current_user ||= authenticate_request
+    end
+
+    def authenticate_request
+      return nil if request.authorization.blank?
+
+      @authenticate_request ||= AuthorizeRequest.new(request.headers).perform
+    end
+
+    def user_not_authorized
+      render \
+        json: { authorization: ["You are not authorized to perform this action."] },
+        status: :unauthorized
+    end
 end

app/controllers/v1/authentication_controller.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module V1
+  class AuthenticationController < ApplicationController
+    skip_after_action :verify_authorized
+    skip_after_action :verify_policy_scoped
+
+    def authenticate
+      command = AuthenticateUser.new(auth_params)
+      @token = command.perform
+      @user = command.user
+      render "v1/authentication/authenticate" and return unless @token.nil?
+
+      render json: command.errors, status: :unauthorized
+    end
+
+    private
+
+      def auth_params
+        params.permit(:email, :password)
+      end
+  end
+end

app/controllers/v1/users_controller.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module V1
+  class UsersController < ApplicationController
+    before_action :set_user, only: %i[show update destroy]
+
+    def index
+      @users = policy_scope User.all
+    end
+
+    def show; end
+
+    def create
+      @user = User.new(user_params)
+      authorize @user
+
+      if @user.save
+        render :show, status: :created, location: v1_users_url(@user)
+      else
+        render json: @user.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity
+      end
+    end
+
+    def update
+      if @user.update(user_params)
+        render :show, status: :ok, location: v1_users_url(@user)
+      else
+        render json: @user.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity
+      end
+    end
+
+    def destroy
+      @user.destroy
+    end
+
+    private
+
+      def set_user
+        @user = User.find(params[:id])
+        authorize @user
+      end
+
+      def user_params
+        params.require(:user).permit(policy(User).permitted_attributes)
+      end
+  end
+end

app/libs/json_web_token.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+class JsonWebToken
+  class << self
+    def encode(payload, exp = 24.hours.from_now)
+      payload[:exp] = exp.to_i
+      JWT.encode(payload, ENV['jwt'])
+    end
+
+    def decode(token)
+      body = JWT.decode(token, ENV['jwt'])[0]
+      HashWithIndifferentAccess.new body
+    end
+  end
+end

app/models/user.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+# == Schema Information
+#
+# Table name: users
+#
+#  id              :integer          not null, primary key
+#  display_name    :string           not null
+#  email           :string           not null
+#  password_digest :string           not null
+#  role            :integer          default("author"), not null
+#  created_at      :datetime         not null
+#  updated_at      :datetime         not null
+#
+# Indexes
+#
+#  index_users_on_email  (email)
+#
+
+class User < ApplicationRecord
+  has_secure_password
+
+  validates :display_name, presence: true
+  validates :email, presence: true, email_format: true, uniqueness: true
+  validates :password_confirmation, presence: true, if: ->(m) { m.password.present? }
+  validates :role, presence: true
+
+  enum role: {
+    author: 0,
+    admin: 2
+  }
+
+  def acts_as_admin?
+    admin?
+  end
+
+  def acts_as_author?
+    admin? || author?
+  end
+end

app/policies/application_policy.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+class ApplicationPolicy
+  attr_reader :user, :record
+
+  def initialize(user, record)
+    @user = user
+    @record = record
+  end
+
+  def index?
+    false
+  end
+
+  def show?
+    false
+  end
+
+  def create?
+    false
+  end
+
+  def new?
+    create?
+  end
+
+  def update?
+    false
+  end
+
+  def edit?
+    update?
+  end
+
+  def destroy?
+    false
+  end
+
+  class Scope
+    attr_reader :user, :scope
+
+    def initialize(user, scope)
+      @user = user
+      @scope = scope
+    end
+
+    def resolve
+      scope.all
+    end
+  end
+end

app/policies/user_policy.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+class UserPolicy < ApplicationPolicy
+  def show?
+    raise Pundit::NotAuthorizedError if user.nil?
+    return true if user&.acts_as_admin?
+
+    user == record
+  end
+
+  def update?
+    raise Pundit::NotAuthorizedError if user.nil?
+
+    show?
+  end
+
+  def destroy?
+    raise Pundit::NotAuthorizedError if user.nil?
+
+    user&.acts_as_admin?
+  end
+
+  def create?
+    raise Pundit::NotAuthorizedError if user.nil?
+
+    user&.acts_as_admin?
+  end
+
+  def permitted_attributes
+    return base_attributes + %i[role] if user&.acts_as_admin?
+
+    base_attributes
+  end
+
+  def base_attributes
+    %i[
+      display_name
+      email
+      password
+      password_confirmation
+    ]
+  end
+
+  class Scope < Scope
+    def resolve
+      raise Pundit::NotAuthorizedError if user.nil?
+      return scope if user.acts_as_admin?
+
+      scope.where(id: user.id)
+    end
+  end
+end

app/views/v1/authentication/authenticate.json.jbuilder

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+json.auth_token @token
+json.user @user, partial: "v1/users/user", as: :user

app/views/v1/users/_user.json.jbuilder

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+json.extract! user,
+              :id,
+              :display_name,
+              :email,
+              :role
+
+json.url v1_user_url(user, format: :json)

app/views/v1/users/index.json.jbuilder

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+json.array! @users, partial: 'v1/users/user', as: :user

app/views/v1/users/show.json.jbuilder

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+json.partial! "v1/users/user", user: @user

config/application.yml.sample

@@ -10,5 +10,6 @@
 #   stripe_api_key: sk_live_EeHnL644i6zo4Iyq4v1KdV9H
 #   stripe_publishable_key: pk_live_9lcthxpSIHbGwmdO941O1XVU
 
+jwt: 98a6c2b7c9a1eb1da66595970e6f699a2e1fb339c2b759f443380ad86a95ba299bc03f5b38681b57bbc5e0bbedb3ee2d61e6a5e5b4f836ddfd22c27fa09b7fbb
 aws_key: this-is-the-key
 aws_secret: this-is-the-secret

config/routes.rb

@@ -1,5 +1,14 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 Rails.application.routes.draw do
+  concern :api_base do
+    post 'authenticate', to: 'authentication#authenticate', as: :authenticate
+    resources :users
+  end
+
+  namespace :v1, defaults: { format: :json } do
+    concerns :api_base
+  end
+
   # For details on the DSL available within this file, see http://guides.rubyonrails.org/routing.html
 end

db/migrate/20181110183741_create_users.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+class CreateUsers < ActiveRecord::Migration[5.2]
+  def change
+    create_table :users do |t|
+      t.string  :display_name,    null: false
+      t.string  :email,           null: false
+      t.string  :password_digest, null: false
+      t.integer :role,            null: false, default: 0
+
+      t.timestamps
+    end
+    add_index :users, :email
+  end
+end

db/schema.rb

@@ -10,6 +10,16 @@
 #
 # It's strongly recommended that you check this file into your version control system.
 
-ActiveRecord::Schema.define(version: 0) do
+ActiveRecord::Schema.define(version: 2018_11_10_183741) do
+
+  create_table "users", force: :cascade do |t|
+    t.string "display_name", null: false
+    t.string "email", null: false
+    t.string "password_digest", null: false
+    t.integer "role", default: 0, null: false
+    t.datetime "created_at", null: false
+    t.datetime "updated_at", null: false
+    t.index ["email"], name: "index_users_on_email"
+  end
 
 end

test/controllers/v1/authentication_controller_test.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'test_helper'
+
+class AuthenticationControllerTest < ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest
+  setup do
+    @user = users(:admin)
+  end
+
+  test "should return token" do
+    post v1_authenticate_url, params: { email: @user.email, password: 'password' }
+    assert_response :success
+  end
+
+  test "should fail auth" do
+    post v1_authenticate_url, params: { email: @user.email, password: 'BAD PASSWORD' }
+    assert_response :unauthorized
+  end
+end

test/controllers/v1/users_controller_test.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'test_helper'
+
+class UsersControllerTest < ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest
+  test "admin can list users" do
+    get v1_users_url, headers: auth_headers(users(:admin))
+
+    assert_response :success
+  end
+
+  test "admin can create user" do
+    assert_difference('User.count') do
+      post v1_users_url, params: { user: {
+        display_name: 'some user',
+        email: 'new.user@mailinator.com',
+        password: 'password',
+        password_confirmation: 'password'
+      } }, headers: auth_headers(users(:admin))
+    end
+
+    assert_response :created
+  end
+
+  test "admin can view users" do
+    get v1_user_url(users(:admin)), headers: auth_headers(users(:admin))
+
+    assert_response :success
+  end
+
+  test "admin can update user" do
+    patch v1_user_url(users(:admin)), params: { user: {
+      display_name: 'I am admin'
+    } }, headers: auth_headers(users(:admin))
+
+    assert_response :ok
+  end
+
+  test "admin can destroy user" do
+    assert_difference('User.count', -1) do
+      delete v1_user_url(users(:admin)), headers: auth_headers(users(:admin))
+    end
+
+    assert_response :no_content
+  end
+
+  test "author can view herself" do
+    get v1_user_url(users(:author)), headers: auth_headers(users(:author))
+
+    assert_response :success
+  end
+
+  test "author can update herself" do
+    patch v1_user_url(users(:author)), params: { user: {
+      display_name: 'I am author!'
+    } }, headers: auth_headers(users(:author))
+
+    assert_response :ok
+  end
+
+  test "sally CANNOT update phil" do
+    patch v1_user_url(users(:author)), params: { user: {
+      display_name: 'I am author!'
+    } }, headers: auth_headers(users(:sally))
+
+    assert_response :unauthorized
+  end
+end

test/fixtures/users.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# == Schema Information
+#
+# Table name: users
+#
+#  id              :integer          not null, primary key
+#  display_name    :string           not null
+#  email           :string           not null
+#  password_digest :string           not null
+#  role            :integer          default("author"), not null
+#  created_at      :datetime         not null
+#  updated_at      :datetime         not null
+#
+# Indexes
+#
+#  index_users_on_email  (email)
+#
+
+# Read about fixtures at http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveRecord/FixtureSet.html
+
+admin:
+  display_name: Awesome Admin
+  email: awesome.admin@mailinator.com
+  password_digest: <%= BCrypt::Password.create("password", cost: 4) %>
+  role: admin
+
+author:
+  display_name: lePhil
+  email: lephil@mailinator.com
+  password_digest: <%= BCrypt::Password.create("password", cost: 4) %>
+  role: author
+
+sally:
+  display_name: Sally String
+  email: sally.string@mailinator.com
+  password_digest: <%= BCrypt::Password.create("password", cost: 4) %>
+  role: author
+
+michelle:
+  display_name: Mighty Michelle
+  email: mighty.michelle@mailinator.com
+  password_digest: <%= BCrypt::Password.create("password", cost: 4) %>
+  role: author

test/models/user_test.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'test_helper'
+
+class UserTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
+  test "higer roles can act as lower roles" do
+    assert users(:admin).acts_as_admin?
+    assert users(:admin).acts_as_author?
+
+    assert users(:author).acts_as_author?
+  end
+
+  test "lower roles can NOT act as higher roles" do
+    assert_not users(:author).acts_as_admin?
+  end
+end

test/policies/application_policy_test.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'test_helper'
+
+class ApplicationPolicyTest < PolicyAssertions::Test
+  # Verify default policies are most restrictive
+
+  test 'should not permit by default' do
+    admin = users(:admin)
+    assert_not ApplicationPolicy.new(admin, nil).show?
+    assert_not ApplicationPolicy.new(admin, nil).index?
+    assert_not ApplicationPolicy.new(admin, nil).create?
+    assert_not ApplicationPolicy.new(admin, nil).new?
+    assert_not ApplicationPolicy.new(admin, nil).update?
+    assert_not ApplicationPolicy.new(admin, nil).edit?
+    assert_not ApplicationPolicy.new(admin, nil).destroy?
+  end
+end

test/policies/user_policy_test.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'test_helper'
+
+class UserPolicyTest < PolicyAssertions::Test
+  test 'must authenticate for actions' do
+    assert_raise Pundit::NotAuthorizedError do
+      %w[create show update destroy].each do |action|
+        UserPolicy.new(nil, User.new).send("#{action}?")
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  test 'should allow admin to scope' do
+    scope = UserPolicy::Scope.new(users(:admin), User).resolve
+    assert_equal User.count, scope.count
+  end
+
+  test 'non admins can only scope themselves' do
+    %i[author].each do |user|
+      scope = UserPolicy::Scope.new(users(user), User).resolve
+      assert_equal 1, scope.count, "Scope did not have 1 result for #{user}"
+      assert_equal users(user), scope.first, "Scope did not contain self for #{user}"
+    end
+  end
+
+  test 'admins have role in permitted params' do
+    policy = UserPolicy.new users(:admin), nil
+    assert policy.permitted_attributes.include?(:role)
+  end
+
+  test 'non-admins can not edit roles' do
+    %i[author].each do |user|
+      policy = UserPolicy.new users(user), nil
+      assert_not policy.permitted_attributes.include?(:role)
+    end
+  end
+
+  # create
+  test 'only admins can create' do
+    assert_permit users(:admin), User, :create?
+
+    %i[author].each do |user|
+      assert_not_permitted users(user), User, :create?
+    end
+  end
+
+  # delete
+  test 'only admins can destroy' do
+    assert_permit users(:admin), User, :destroy?
+
+    %i[author].each do |user|
+      assert_not_permitted users(user), User, :destroy?
+    end
+  end
+
+  # show
+  test 'admin can view any role' do
+    %i[admin author].each do |user|
+      assert_permit users(:admin), users(user), :show?
+    end
+  end
+
+  test 'non-admins can view themselves' do
+    %i[author].each do |user|
+      assert_permit users(user), users(user), :show?
+    end
+  end
+
+  test 'author roles can only view themselves' do
+    %i[admin sally michelle].each do |user|
+      assert_not_permitted users(:author), users(user), :show?
+    end
+  end
+
+  # updates
+  test 'admin can update any role' do
+    %i[admin author].each do |user|
+      assert_permit users(:admin), users(user), :update?
+    end
+  end
+
+  test 'non-admins can update themselves' do
+    %i[author].each do |user|
+      assert_permit users(user), users(user), :update?
+    end
+  end
+
+  test 'authors can not update other roles' do
+    %i[admin sally michelle].each do |user|
+      assert_not_permitted users(:author), users(user), :update?
+    end
+  end
+end

user_stories.md

@@ -3,14 +3,8 @@
 An API for a micro blogging platform
 
 Guests can only view published content and author list
-Standard can edit their profile & blogs
-Admins can view list of users and edit any blog
-
-users:
-    display_name
-    email
-    password_digest
-    roles: guest, standard, admin
+Authors can edit their profile & blogs
+Admins can view the list of authors and edit any blog
 
 blogs:
     title
@@ -18,20 +12,25 @@ blogs:
     published_date
     author_id
 
-
-
 ## Tasks
 
 ### User Bios
 
-As a user, I want to be able to author a bio that is
-displayed with each of my postings.
+As an author, I want to be able to write a short bio that
+is displayed with each of my postings.
 
 ### Moderation
 
 As an admin, I want to be able to put a blog it in a state
-of moderation.
+of moderation that also unpublishes it.
 
 Once a blog post has this state, the author must edit and
 submit for another review before an admin will republish.
 
+### Categories
+
+As an author, I would like to be able to assign as category
+to my posting from a known list of options.
+
+As an admin, I can manage the list of categories available
+to the authors.